Does down payment and closing cost money need to be in one savings account, or can it be spread across multiple accounts?

Spread your funds across as many accounts as you like. Each account just adds a little paperwork. Lenders need to document and source the money used for closing, and clients routinely hold savings across bank, brokerage, and app-based accounts. Expect to provide the most recent two months of statements for each account you draw from, which is the standard documentation window across FHA, Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, and VA. Large deposits and transfers between accounts need a clear, traceable source. One genuine caution: cash on hand, meaning money kept outside any bank account, is the hard case. Conventional loans will not accept it as eligible funds. FHA is the exception and can allow cash saved at home, provided you document how you accumulated it and the amount is reasonable against your income and spending. The setup that keeps underwriting simplest is one checking account for bills and one savings account fed by regular transfers from checking, so the trail stays clean. Beyond that, hold funds wherever they serve you best, keep your statements, and avoid unexplained deposits in the months before you apply.